Inconel 625,UNS N06625,W.Nr.2.4856

Inconel 625 Chemical composition

Alloy	%	Ni	Cr	Mo	Nb+N	Fe	Al	Ti	C	Mn	Si	Cu	P	S
625	Min.	58	20	8	3.15
	Max.		23	10	4.15	5	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.015	0.015

Inconel 625 Pysical properties

Density	8.4 g/cm³
Melting point	1290-1350℃

Inconel 625 Alloy m inimum mechanical properties in the room temperature

Alloy state	Tensile strength Rm N/mm²	Yield strength R P0. 2N/mm²	Elongation A 5 %	Brinell hardness HB
625	760	345	30	≤220

Characteristic as below:
1. Excellent corrosion resistance of different kinds of media in both oxidation and reduction environments.

2. Excellent resistance of pitting and crevice corrosion, and won't happen stress corrosion cracking because of chloride.

3.Excellent resistance of the inorganic acid corrosion performance, such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and the mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.

4. Excellent corrosion resistance of different kinds of inorganic acid mixture performance.

5. Good corrosion resistance of a variety of concentrations of hydrochloric acid when the temperature up to 40℃ .

6. Good machining and welding, no weld cracking sensitivity.

7. Have pressure vessel authentication for the wall temperature between -196 ～ 450℃ .

8. Apply for the highest standard lever VII of acidic environment by the NACE （ MR-01-75） authorized.

Inconel 625 Metallurgical structure
625 is face-centered cubic lattice structure. Dissolve out the carbon granule and instability quaternary phase, then change it to stability Ni3 (Nb,Ti) trimetric lattice around 650℃ after a long time heat preservation. nickel-chromium content will strength the mechanical performance in the state solution while suppress the plasticity.

Inconel 625 Corrosion resistance

625 own a very good corrosion resistance in many media, especially with excellent resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, intercrystalline corrosion, and erode in oxide, also good resistance to inorganic acid corrosion, such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. 625 can resist the alkali and organic acid corrosion in the oxidation and reduction environment. Effect resists the chloride reduction stress corrosion cracking. Normally no corrosion in the sea-water and industry environments since high corrosion resistance to the sea-water and salting liquid,as well as in high temperature, without sensitivity during welding. 625 have the resistance to oxidation and carbonizing in the static and cycle environments, also hacve the resistance the chlorine corrosion.

Inconel 625 Application field ：
Soften annealing low carbon alloy 625 widely used in the chemical process industry, good corrosion resistance and high strength made it an good choice for structural parts. 625 have application in sea-water for local mechanical stress attach.

Inconel 625 Typical application field as below:

1 .The Organic chemical process parts contains chloride, especially in the use of acid chloride catalyst.

2. The digester and bleacherin the use of paper pulp and paper making industry.

3.Absorption tower, re-heater,gas import board, fan, blender, fair water fin, flue and so on for using in flue gas desulfurization system.

4. The equipment and parts in the use of acidic gas environments.

5. Acetic acid and anhydride reaction generator
6. Sulfur acid cooling

Monel 400,UNS N04400,W.Nr.2.4360

Monel 400 Chemical composition

Alloy	%	Ni	Cu	Fe	C	Mn	Si	S
Monel400	Min.	63	28
	Max.		34	2.5	0.3	2	0.5	0.024

Monel 400 Physical properties

Density	8.83 g/cm³
Melting point	1300-1390 ℃

Monel 400 Alloy minimum mechanical properties in the room temperature

Alloy state	Tensile strength Rm N/mm²	Yield strength R P0. 2 N/mm²	Elongation A 5 %
Monel400	480	170	35

Characteristic as below:Monel 400 is an extremely combination property that use for largest amount and most widely corrosion resistance alloy. This alloy in the hydrofluoric acid and fluoride gas medium with excellent corrosion resistance, as well as to the hot concentrated alkali. At the same time, is also corrosion resistant to neutral solution, sea water, air, organic compounds. An important feature of this is generally do not generate a stress corrosion cracking, good cutting performance.

Monel 400 Metallurgical structure
Monel 400 alloy is high-intensity single-phase solid solution.

Monel 400 Corrosion resistance
Monel 400 alloy in the fluoride gas, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and their derivatives have a very good corrosion resistance property, and possess better corrosion resistance more than the copper alloy in the sea water. Acid medium: Monel 400 have corrosion resistance in less than 85% consistency of sulfuric acid. Monel 400 is an important material that resistant to hydrofluoric acid. Water corrosion: Monel 400 alloy in most corrosion cases of water, not only excellent corrosion resistance, but also less pitting, stress corrosion, the corrosion rate less than 0.025mm / a. High temperature corrosion: Monel 400 for the work of the highest temperature at about 600 ℃ in general in the air, in the high temperature steam, the corrosion rate less than 0.026mm / a. Ammonia: Monel 400 can be resistant to an hydrous ammonia and aminate conditions corrosion below 585 ℃ due to the high nickel.

Monel 400 Application field：
Monel 400 alloy is a multi-purpose material in many industrial applications:
1. Seamless water pipe in the power factory
2. Sea-water exchanger and evaporator
3. Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid environment
4. Crude distillation
5. Sea-water in the use of equipment and propeller shaft
6. Nuclear industry and used in the manufacture of uranium enrichment isotope separation equipment
7. Manufacturing hydrochloric acid equipment used in the production of pump and valve

254SMO,A182 F44,UNS S31254,W.Nr.1.4547

254SMO Chemical composition:

Alloy	%	Ni	Cr	Mo	Cu	N	C	Mn	Si	P	S
254SMO	Min.	17.5	19.5	6	0.5	0.18
	Max.	18.5	20.5	6.5	1	0.22	0.02	1	0.8	0.03	0.01

254SMO Physical properties :

Density	8.0 g/cm3
Melting point	1320-1390 ℃

254SMO minimum mechanical properties in the room temperature:

Status	Tensile strengthRm N Rm N/mm2	Yield strength RP0.2N/mm2	Elongation A5 %
254 SMO	650	300	35

Characteristic：
The high concentration of molybdenum,chromium and nitrogen made 254SMO has very good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion performance. Copper improved corrosion resistance in some of the acid . In addition, due to its high content of nickel,chromium and molybdenum, so that 254SMO have a good stress strength corrosion cracking performance.
1.A lot of a wide range use of experience has shown that even iin higher temperatures, 254SMO in the sea water is also highly resistant to corrosion performance gap, only a few types of stainless steel with this performance.
2.254SMO such as bleach paper required for the production of acidic solution and the solution halide oxidative corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance can be compared to the most resilient in the base alloy of nickel and titanium alloys.
3.254SMO due to a high nitrogen content, so its mechanical strength than other types of austenitic stainless steel is higher. In addition, 254SMO also highly scalable and impact strength and good weldability.
4.254SMO with high molybdenum content can make it higher rate of oxidation in the annealing , which after the acid cleaning with rough surface than normal stainless steel is more common than the rough surface. However,has not adversely affected for the corrosion resistance of this steel .

Metallurgical structure254SMO is face-centered cubic lattice structure. In order to obtain austenitic structure, 254SMO general annealing in the 1150-1200℃.In some cases, the material maybe with the traces of metal middle phase (χ phase and α-phase). However,their impact strength and corrosion resistance are not adversely affected in normal circumstances. When placed in the range of 600-1000℃, they may phase in the grain boundary precipitation.

Corrosion resistance
254SMO with very low carbon content, which means that the danger by the heating caused of carbide precipitation is very small. Even in the 600-1000℃ after one hour sensitization still able to Strauss through the intergranular corrosion test (Strauss Test ASTMA262 order E).However, because of the high-alloy steel content. In the above-mentioned temperature range intermetallic phase with the possibility of metal in the grain boundary precipitation. These sediments do not make it occur intergranular corrosion in the corrosive media applications, then,welding can be carried out without intergranular corrosion.But in the heat of concentrated nitric acid, these sediments may be caused intergranular corrosion in heat-affected zone. If ordinary stainless steel in the solution that containing chloride, bromide or iodide,it will show pitting, crevice corrosion or stress corrosion cracking form by localized corrosion. However, in some cases,the existence of halide will speed up the uniform corrosion. Particularly in the non-oxidizing acid. In pure sulfuric acid, 254SMO with a much greater corrosion resistance than 316(common stainless steel),but with abated corrosion resistance compared to 904L (NO8904) stainless steel in high concentrations. In the sulfuric acid containing chloride ions , 254SMO with the largest corrosion resistance ability.The 316 can not be used for stainless steel in hydrochloric acid since it may occur localized corrosion and uniform corrosion, but 254SMO can be used in diluted hydrochloric acid in general temperatures,uder the border region do not need to worry about corrosion occurred. However, we must try to avoid the gap cracks. In the fluoride silicate (H2SiF4) and hydrofluoric acid (HF), the corrosion resistance of ordinary stainless steel is very limited, and 254SMO can be used in a very wide temperature and concentration.

Applied field：254SMO is a mult-purpose material can be used in many industrial applications:
1. Petroleum, petrochemical equipment, petro-chemical equipment, such as the bellows.
2. Pulp and paper bleaching equipment, such as pulp cooking, bleaching, washing filters used in the barrel and cylinder pressure rollers, and so on.
3. Power plant flue gas desulphurization equipment, the use of the main parts: the absorption tower, flue and stopping plate, internal part,spray system.
4. At sea or sea water processing system, such as power plants using sea water to cool the thin-walled Condenser, desalination of sea water processing equipment,can be applied even though the water may not flow in the device.
5. Desalination industries, such as salt or desalination equipment.
6. Heat exchanger, in particular in the working environment of chloride ion.